Njengoko ukwanda kwe-myopia kwihlabathi liphela kwiminyaka yakutshanje, akukho kunqongophala kwezigulana ezifuna unyango. Uqikelelo lokuxhaphaka kwe-myopia kusetyenziswa i-US Census ka-2020 lubonisa ukuba ilizwe lifuna ukuvavanywa kwamehlo angama-39,025,416 kumntwana ngamnye one-myopia minyaka le, kunye nokuhlolwa kabini ngonyaka.
Kumagqirha amalunga nama-70,000 amazinyo kunye neengcali zamehlo kuzwelonke, ingcali nganye yokhathalelo lwamehlo (i-ECP) kufuneka inyamekele abantwana abangama-278 rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zangoku zokhathalelo lwamehlo kubantwana abane-myopia eMelika. 1 Lowo ngumyinge we-myopia yobuntwana engaphezulu kwesinye echongwa kwaye ilawulwa ngosuku. Isebenza njani indawo yakho yokusebenza?
Njenge-ECP, injongo yethu kukunciphisa umthwalo we-progressive myopia kunye nokunceda ukuthintela ukukhubazeka kokubona ixesha elide kubo bonke abaguli abane-myopia. Kodwa izigulane zethu zicinga ntoni ngezilungiso zazo kunye neziphumo zazo?
Xa kufikwa kwi-orthokeratology (Ortho-k), impendulo yezigulane malunga nomgangatho wobomi babo obunxulumene nokubona iphezulu kakhulu.
Uphononongo olwenziwe nguLipson et al., besebenzisa iNational Institute of Eye Diseases with Refractive Error Quality of Life Questionnaire, luthelekise abantu abadala abanxibe iilensi zonxibelelwano ezithambileyo zombono omnye nabantu abadala abanxibe iilensi ze-orthokeratology. Bagqibe kwelokuba ulwaneliseko kunye nombono ngokubanzi ziyafana, nangona kunjalo malunga nama-68% abathathi-nxaxheba bakhetha i-Ortho-k baza bakhetha ukuqhubeka beyisebenzisa ekupheleni kophando. 2 Izifundo zibike ukuba zikhetha ukubona okungalunganga emini.
Nangona abantu abadala benokukhetha i-Ortho-k, kuthekani ngokubona kufutshane ebantwaneni? UZhao nabanye bavavanye abantwana ngaphambi nasemva kweenyanga ezi-3 zokunxiba i-orthodontic.
Abantwana abasebenzisa i-Ortho-k babonakalise umgangatho ophezulu wobomi kunye neenzuzo kwimisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla, babenethuba elingakumbi lokuzama izinto ezintsha, babezithemba ngakumbi, bekhuthele ngakumbi, kwaye benomdla wokudlala imidlalo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni eyabangela ukuba bachithe ixesha elininzi kunyango esitalatweni.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba indlela ebanzi yokunyanga i-myopia inokunceda ukuqhubeka nokubandakanya izigulana kwaye incede ngokwaneleyo ukulawula ukunamathela ixesha elide kunyango olufunekayo kunyango lwe-myopia.
I-Ortho-k yenze inkqubela phambili enkulu kwilensi kunye noyilo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ukusukela oko kwavunywa okokuqala yi-FDA kweelensi zoqhagamshelwano ze-ortho-k ngo-2002. Zimbini izihloko ezibalaseleyo kwimisebenzi yezonyango namhlanje: Iilensi ze-Ortho-k ezinomahluko wobunzulu be-meridional kunye nokukwazi ukulungisa ububanzi bendawo yokubona ngasemva.
Nangona iilensi ze-meridian orthokeratology zihlala zinikwa izigulana ezine-myopia kunye ne-astigmatism, ukhetho lokuzifaka ludlula kakhulu olo lokulungisa i-myopia kunye ne-astigmatism.
Umzekelo, ngokuhambelana neengcebiso zomenzi, ngokweempendulo kwizigulane ezine-corneal toricity ye-0.50 diopters (D), umahluko omnye wobunzulu bendawo yokubuyela unokwabelwa ngokweempendulo.
Nangona kunjalo, inani elincinci lelensi ye-toric kwi-cornea, kunye nelensi ye-Ortho-k eqwalasela umahluko wobunzulu be-meridional, iya kuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamanzi okukrazula ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugxila okufanelekileyo phantsi kwelensi. Ke ngoko, ezinye izigulana zinokungenelwa kukuzinza kunye nokulingana okuhle okubonelelwa lolu yilo.
Kwilingo leklinikhi lakutshanje, iilensi ze-orthokeratology 5 mm rear vision zone diameter (BOZD) zizise iingenelo ezininzi kwizigulana ezine-myopia. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-5 mm VOZD yonyuse ukulungiswa kwe-myopia nge-0.43 diopters kutyelelo losuku olunye xa kuthelekiswa noyilo lwe-6 mm VOZD (i-control lens), ebonelela ngokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphuculwa kokubona (Imifanekiso 1 kunye ne-2). 4, 5
UJung nabanye bafumanise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwelensi ye-BOZD Ortho-k eyi-5 mm kubangele ukwehla okukhulu kobubanzi bendawo yonyango lwe-topographic. Ngoko ke, kwii-ECP ezijolise ekufezekiseni umthamo omncinci wonyango kwizigulane zazo, i-BOZD eyi-5 mm ibonakalise ukuba iluncedo.
Nangona ii-ECP ezininzi ziqhelene nokufaka iilensi zoqhagamshelwano kwizigulane, nokuba kukuxilongwa okanye ngokweempendulo, ngoku kukho iindlela ezintsha zokwandisa ukufikeleleka kunye nokwenza lula inkqubo yokufakela iilensi zonyango.
Yaqaliswa ngo-Okthobha ka-2021, i-app yeselula yeParagon CRT Calculator (Umfanekiso 3) ivumela oogqirha abangxamisekileyo ukuba bachaze iiparameter zezigulane ezineenkqubo ze-orthokeratology zeParagon CRT kunye ne-CRT Biaxial (CooperVision Professional Eye Care) kwaye bazikhuphele ngokucofa nje okumbalwa. Oda. Izikhokelo zokusombulula iingxaki zokufikelela ngokukhawuleza zibonelela ngezixhobo zeklinikhi eziluncedo nangaliphi na ixesha, naphi na.
Ngowama-2022, ukuxhaphaka kwe-myopia ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kwanda. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wamehlo uneendlela zonyango eziphambili kunye nezixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokunceda ukwenza umahluko kubomi bezigulane zabantwana abane-myopia.